Round Table Conference


 
 
Concept Explanation
 

Round Table Conference

First Round Table Conference (1931):

First ever conference arranged between the British and Indians as equals.

  • Congress and most business leaders kept away.
  • Muslim League was represented by Mohammed Ali, Agha Khan, Fazlul Haq and Jinnah.
  • Hindu Mahasabha was represented by Moonje and Jayakar.
  • Liberals were represented by Sapru, Chintamani and Srinivas Sastri.
  • Princes were represented by Akbar Hydari and Mirza Ismail, the Dewans of Hyderabad and Mysore, respectively.
  • With incidents of rising violence and with majority of leading Congress leaders behind bars. Gandhi called for rather sudden retreat. He initiated a talk with Irwin, which culminated in the Delhi Pact of 5th March popularly called Gandhi-Irwin pact.

    Gandhi-Irwin Pact (1931)

  • At the time when this movement was at its peak. Viceroy Irwin took the initiative to release the arrested Congress leaders and invited Mahatma Gandhi to hold talks.
  • After the long negotiations between Gandhi and Irwin, the Gandhi-Irwin pact was concluded on March 5, 1931, whose main terms were as follows.
  • (i)  Under Gandhi's leadership, the Congress agreed to end the Civil Disobedience Movement.

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    Sample Questions
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    Question : 1

    On 8 May 1933, Gandhiji began a __________________ in the prison, with a view to repenting the mistreatment by the Hindus towards the untouchables.

    Right Option : D
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    Explanation
    Question : 2

    The Gandhi Irwin Pact was approved at the Karachi Congress Session in March _____________________.

    Right Option : C
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    Explanation
    Question : 3

    Which of the following are correct :

    (a)  In the Second Round Table Conference (September 7, 1931 to December 1, 1931), Gandhiji participated as the sole representative of the Congress.

    (b) Poona Pact was signed between Gandhiji and Dalit leader Ambedkar on September 26, 1931.

    Right Option : A
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    Explanation
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